Cauchy Density-Based Algorithm for VANETs Clustering in 3D Road Environments

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are emerging to serve various types of applications for serving smart cities and intelligent transportation systems. There several challenging factors ensuring reliable stable VANETs communications. clustering is essential functionality routing protocols in enable VANETs. Clustering algorithms operate decentralized mode, which requires incorporating additional stages before deciding the decisions might create suboptimality due local nature approach. In addition, architecture road environment can cause confusing decisions. This problem becomes more evolving clusters general 3D particular. paper tackles using a centralized model based on developed Cauchy density model. The development has included traffic generation model, mobility generating driving behavior, an algorithm enabling modeling curvature adjacency list that defines road’s points define straight-line segment. vector uses Cauchy-based adding vehicles their respective clusters. For evaluation, conducted scenarios three locations with considered, comparison benchmarks shows superiority our over improvement percentage 1%, 10%, 3% average cluster head duration, member efficiency respectively.